What is the difference between bourbon and whiskey? This question often arises among whiskey enthusiasts and novices alike. While both are types of whiskey, they have distinct characteristics that set them apart. Understanding these differences can enhance your appreciation for the diverse world of whiskey.
Whiskey, in general, is a spirit that is made from fermented grain mash, typically barley, corn, wheat, or rye. The process involves distillation and aging in oak barrels. However, the specific type of whiskey can vary depending on the region, the type of grain used, and the aging process.
Bourbon, on the other hand, is a type of whiskey that must meet certain criteria to be classified as such. According to the United States government, bourbon must be made from a grain mixture that is at least 51% corn, aged in new, charred oak barrels, and distilled to no more than 80% alcohol by volume. The aging process must also take place in the United States.
One of the primary differences between bourbon and whiskey is the use of corn in the grain mixture. Bourbon must contain at least 51% corn, which gives it a distinct sweet and creamy flavor profile. Other types of whiskey, such as rye whiskey, are made primarily from rye, which imparts a spicier and more assertive taste.
Another significant difference is the aging process. Bourbon must be aged in new, charred oak barrels, which contributes to its unique flavor and color. The char on the barrel helps to release vanillin and other woodsy flavors, while the aging process allows these flavors to meld with the whiskey over time. In contrast, other types of whiskey may be aged in used barrels, which can impart different flavors depending on the previous spirit that was aged in the barrel.
The proof level is also a notable distinction between bourbon and whiskey. Bourbon must be distilled to no more than 80% alcohol by volume, while other types of whiskey may be distilled to higher proof levels. This lower proof level in bourbon contributes to its smoother and more approachable taste.
In summary, the main differences between bourbon and whiskey lie in the grain mixture, aging process, and proof level. Bourbon must contain at least 51% corn, be aged in new, charred oak barrels, and have a proof level of no more than 80%. Understanding these differences can help you appreciate the unique qualities of each whiskey and make informed choices when selecting your next bottle.
