How to Tell the Difference Between Gold and Pyrite
Gold has been a symbol of wealth and status for centuries, and its allure has not diminished over time. However, gold is not the only shiny, yellow mineral out there. Pyrite, also known as “fool’s gold,” is often mistaken for the precious metal due to its similar appearance. In this article, we will explore the key differences between gold and pyrite, helping you distinguish between the two.
Color and Luster
One of the most apparent differences between gold and pyrite is their color and luster. Pure gold has a distinct yellow color, which can range from a pale yellow to a rich, deep gold. Pyrite, on the other hand, is typically a brassy yellow or metallic gold color, which can sometimes be mistaken for gold. However, pyrite has a slightly greasier appearance compared to the polished, shiny luster of gold.
Hardness
Gold is a soft metal, with a Mohs hardness of 2.5 to 3. This means that gold can be easily scratched with a fingernail or a sharp object. Pyrite, however, is much harder, with a Mohs hardness of 6 to 6.5. If you try to scratch a piece of pyrite with a fingernail, it will likely leave a mark, while gold will not.
Specific Gravity
Another way to tell the difference between gold and pyrite is by their specific gravity. Gold has a specific gravity of about 19.3, which is significantly higher than pyrite’s specific gravity of about 4.8 to 5. If you have a piece of metal that you suspect is gold, you can test its specific gravity using a balance scale. If the metal’s specific gravity is close to 19.3, it is likely gold; if it is much lower, it is probably pyrite.
Transparency
Gold is a transparent metal, which means that light can pass through it. Pyrite, however, is opaque and will not allow light to pass through. If you hold a piece of metal up to the light, and it appears to be cloudy or opaque, it is more likely to be pyrite rather than gold.
Fluorescence
Pyrite has a unique property known as fluorescence, which means that it emits a faint glow when exposed to ultraviolet light. Gold does not exhibit this property. If you have access to a UV light source, you can shine it on the metal to see if it glows. If it does, it is likely pyrite; if it does not, it is more likely to be gold.
Conclusion
While gold and pyrite may look similar at first glance, there are several key differences that can help you distinguish between the two. By examining their color, luster, hardness, specific gravity, transparency, and fluorescence, you can determine whether a shiny yellow metal is the precious gold or the common pyrite. Remember, the next time you come across a shiny rock, take a closer look to avoid any costly mistakes.
